iru いる
Verb meaning: be, there be, exist, stay, have, be ...ing, have (done), be (done), have been ...ing
1. Used for animate subject
姉は今大阪にいます。
Ane wa ima oosaka ni imasu.
My older sister is now staying (or living) in Osaka.
この動物園には珍しい動物がいます。
Kono doubutsuen ni wa mezurashii doubutsu ga imasu.
There are unique animals in this zoo.
2. Used for animate object + ga
私は兄弟が三人います。
Watashi wa kyoudai ga san nin imasu.
I have three brothers.
3. After te-form of verb
私は今友人を待っています。
Watashi wa ima yuujin o matte imasu.
I am waiting for a friend of mine now.
車の窓が開いていますよ。
Kuruma no mado ga aite imasu yo.
You car window is open.
私は英字新聞を読んでいます。
Watashi wa eiji shinbun o yonde imasu.
I am reading an English language newspaper.
(or I read an English newspaper. - habitual action -)
その店はもう閉まっています。
Sono mise wa mou shimatte imasu.
That store is closed already.
昨日からずっと雨が降っています。
Kinou kara zutto ame ga futte imasu.
It has been raining since yesterday.
何をすべきか考えてます。
Nani o subeki ka kangaetemasu.
I am thinking what to do.
(informal spoken language often uses the abbreviation ru/masu instead of iru/imasu after te-form of verbs when expressing a continuing action or state)
あなたはとても疲れてるみたいだ。
Anata wa totemo tsukareteru mitai da.
You look very tired.
「この言葉を知っていますか。」「いいえ、知りません。」
<<Kono kotoba o shitte imasu ka.>> <<Iie, shirimasen.>>
<<Do you know this word?>> <<No, I don't know it.>>
(English verbs expressing a condition or state are usually translated into the progressive form in Japanese. However, the negative of shitte iru ''shitteru'' is the non-progressive form shiranai.)
-> See also: aru, oru, masu, temasu
1. Used for animate subject
姉は今大阪にいます。
Ane wa ima oosaka ni imasu.
My older sister is now staying (or living) in Osaka.
この動物園には珍しい動物がいます。
Kono doubutsuen ni wa mezurashii doubutsu ga imasu.
There are unique animals in this zoo.
2. Used for animate object + ga
私は兄弟が三人います。
Watashi wa kyoudai ga san nin imasu.
I have three brothers.
3. After te-form of verb
私は今友人を待っています。
Watashi wa ima yuujin o matte imasu.
I am waiting for a friend of mine now.
車の窓が開いていますよ。
Kuruma no mado ga aite imasu yo.
You car window is open.
私は英字新聞を読んでいます。
Watashi wa eiji shinbun o yonde imasu.
I am reading an English language newspaper.
(or I read an English newspaper. - habitual action -)
その店はもう閉まっています。
Sono mise wa mou shimatte imasu.
That store is closed already.
昨日からずっと雨が降っています。
Kinou kara zutto ame ga futte imasu.
It has been raining since yesterday.
何をすべきか考えてます。
Nani o subeki ka kangaetemasu.
I am thinking what to do.
(informal spoken language often uses the abbreviation ru/masu instead of iru/imasu after te-form of verbs when expressing a continuing action or state)
あなたはとても疲れてるみたいだ。
Anata wa totemo tsukareteru mitai da.
You look very tired.
「この言葉を知っていますか。」「いいえ、知りません。」
<<Kono kotoba o shitte imasu ka.>> <<Iie, shirimasen.>>
<<Do you know this word?>> <<No, I don't know it.>>
(English verbs expressing a condition or state are usually translated into the progressive form in Japanese. However, the negative of shitte iru ''shitteru'' is the non-progressive form shiranai.)
Japanese for Beginners