nai ない
Adjective used as the negative of the verb aru/da, or for making the negative form of verb or adjective.
It conjugates as an adjective.
ta-form: nakatta (plain)/ nakatta desu (polite)
te-form: naide (after verb)/ nakute (after adjective or after verb when expressing a cause for some emotion)
1. Used as negative of aru
ここに置いてあったかばんがない。
Koko ni oite atta kaban ga nai.
The bag I left sitting here is missing.
遊ぶ時間がなくて不満だ。
Asobu jikan ga nakute fuman da.
I am discontented because I have no time to play.
2. Used as negative of da
これは日本製の車ではない。
Kore wa nihonsei no kuruma dewa nai.
This is not a Japanese-made car.
(dewa must be used between ''adjectival'' noun and nai)
3. Used to make nai-form of verb
(added to the stem of verb)
今パスポートを持っていない。
Ima pasupouto o motte inai.
I don't have my passport now.
もう電車に間に合わない。
Mou densha ni ma ni awanai.
It's already too late to make the train.
4. Used in te-form
ここでタバコは吸わないでほしい。
Koko de tabako wa suwaide hoshii.
I want you not smoke here. (I don't want you to smoke here.)
努力しないで成功はしません。
Doryoku shinaide seikou wa shimasen.
You won't scceed without making efforts.
彼はお礼も言わないで帰ってしまった。
Kare wa o-rei mo iwanaide kaette shimatta.
He went home without expressing thanks.
彼女は来られなくて残念です。
Kanojo wa korarenakute zannen desu.
It is a pity that she cannot come.
5. After ku-form of adjective
このカメラは思ったほど高くはなかった。
Kono kamera wa omotta hodo takaku wa nakatta.
This camera was not as expensive as I had expected.
(wa or mo used between ku-form and nai adds emphasis)
-> See also: aru, arimasen, desu, masu, zu ni, Verb Forms (2)
It conjugates as an adjective.
ta-form: nakatta (plain)/ nakatta desu (polite)
te-form: naide (after verb)/ nakute (after adjective or after verb when expressing a cause for some emotion)
ここに置いてあったかばんがない。
Koko ni oite atta kaban ga nai.
The bag I left sitting here is missing.
遊ぶ時間がなくて不満だ。
Asobu jikan ga nakute fuman da.
I am discontented because I have no time to play.
2. Used as negative of da
これは日本製の車ではない。
Kore wa nihonsei no kuruma dewa nai.
This is not a Japanese-made car.
(dewa must be used between ''adjectival'' noun and nai)
3. Used to make nai-form of verb
(added to the stem of verb)
今パスポートを持っていない。
Ima pasupouto o motte inai.
I don't have my passport now.
もう電車に間に合わない。
Mou densha ni ma ni awanai.
It's already too late to make the train.
4. Used in te-form
ここでタバコは吸わないでほしい。
Koko de tabako wa suwaide hoshii.
I want you not smoke here. (I don't want you to smoke here.)
努力しないで成功はしません。
Doryoku shinaide seikou wa shimasen.
You won't scceed without making efforts.
彼はお礼も言わないで帰ってしまった。
Kare wa o-rei mo iwanaide kaette shimatta.
He went home without expressing thanks.
彼女は来られなくて残念です。
Kanojo wa korarenakute zannen desu.
It is a pity that she cannot come.
5. After ku-form of adjective
このカメラは思ったほど高くはなかった。
Kono kamera wa omotta hodo takaku wa nakatta.
This camera was not as expensive as I had expected.
(wa or mo used between ku-form and nai adds emphasis)
-> See also: aru, arimasen, desu, masu, zu ni, Verb Forms (2)
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